Discovered in 1923 by D. Coster and G.C. von Hevesey in Copenhagen, Denmark. Hafnium is a silvery coloured, ductile metal which is found in all minerals containing zirconium. The chemistries of the two metals are similar which makes them difficult to separate, and the properties of each are greatly affected by the presence of the other as an impurity. Both zirconium and hafnium are extracted as the pure metal by reducing the tetrahalide with magnesium, the whole process being carried out under argon as both metals readily combine with other gases (e.g. nitrogen). The abundance of hafnium in the earth's crust is 5.3 ppm. Hafnium will resist corrosion in air due to the formation of an oxide film, although powdered hafnium will burn in air. It is unaffected by alkalis and acids, with the exception of HF. Hafnium can be used to control recrystallisation of tungsten filaments but its main application is as control rod material in nuclear reactors due to its ability to absorb neutrons. The ability of hafnium to absorb neutrons means that it can sometimes be an annoying impurity in zirconium metal which is used for nuclear engineering.
Foglio - Sottili fogli di metallo puro e leghe metalliche. A causa della loro fragilità, alcuni fogli sono rivestiti su un lato con un sostegno in acrilico o poliestere. La parte in cui i fogli sono sostenuti è indicata nella descrizione dettagliata dell'elemento.
Per le pellicole di spessore uguale o inferiore a 0,05 mm offriamo 2 opzioni: pellicole testate a prova di luce (indicate come LT a catalogo) o pellicole standard non testate (indicate come Dimensioni).
Per le pellicole di spessore superiore a 0,05 mm il test a prova di luce non e’ richiesto, dato che le pellicole diventano naturalmente piu’ dense ed efficaci nel prevenire il passaggio della luce.
