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Composition: Ge
Form: Pellet/Lump
Material: Germanium
CAS Number: 7440-56-4
Commodity: Metals
Purity:
99.999%
Structure:
Polycrystalline
Germanium Pellets are ultra-high-purity, solid semiconductor feedstock known for their excellent infrared transmission, high refractive index, and superior carrier mobility. Produced in spherical or near-spherical form for uniform melting and dosing, they serve as a critical material in infrared optics, high-speed electronics, and fiber-optic systems. Industries employ germanium pellets in IR imaging lenses, semiconductor wafers, and photodetectors. Specific uses include precision-shaped pellets for controlled doping in crystal growth, high-density feed in zone refining for electronics-grade germanium, and spherical particle fabrication via pulsed orifice ejection for semiconductor processing. In research, germanium pellets are pivotal for advancing IR spectroscopy, photovoltaic development, and nanostructured semiconductor devices, ensuring consistent quality and performance in both industrial manufacturing and experimental innovation.
Tolerances
Pellet/Lump
| Maximum Lump Size | Nominal |
|---|
Material Properties for Metals
Atomic Properties
| Element | Value |
|---|---|
| Atomic number | 32 |
| Crystal structure | Diamond |
| Electronic structure | Ar 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p² |
| Valences shown | 2,4 |
| Atomic weight( amu ) | 72.59 |
| Thermal neutron absorption cross-section( Barns ) | 2.3 |
| Photo-electric work function( eV ) | 4.8 |
| Natural isotope distribution( Mass No./% ) | 72/ 27.4 |
| Natural isotope distribution( Mass No./% ) | 73/ 7.8 |
| Natural isotope distribution( Mass No./% ) | 76/ 7.8 |
| Natural isotope distribution( Mass No./% ) | 70/ 20.5 |
| Natural isotope distribution( Mass No./% ) | 74/ 36.5 |
| Atomic radius - Goldschmidt( nm ) | 0.139 |
| Ionisation potential( No./eV ) | 4/ 45.7 |
| Ionisation potential( No./eV ) | 3/ 34.22 |
| Ionisation potential( No./eV ) | 1/ 7.90 |
| Ionisation potential( No./eV ) | 5/ 93.5 |
| Ionisation potential( No./eV ) | 2/ 15.93 |
Mechanical Properties
| Element | Value |
|---|---|
| Hardness - Mohs | 6.25 |
| Material condition | Polycrystalline |
| Poisson's ratio | 0.32 |
| Bulk modulus( GPa ) | 73.9 |
| Tensile modulus( GPa ) | 79.9 |
Electrical Properties
| Element | Value |
|---|---|
| Electrical resistivity( µOhmcm ) | 46x10⁶@22@22°C |
| Thermal emf against Pt (cold 0C - hot 100C)( mV ) | 33.9 |
Physical Properties
| Element | Value |
|---|---|
| Boiling point( C ) | 2830 |
| Density( gcm⁻³ ) | 5.32@20°C |
Thermal Properties
| Element | Value |
|---|---|
| Melting point( C ) | 937.4 |
| Latent heat of evaporation( J g⁻¹ ) | 4516 |
| Latent heat of fusion( J g⁻¹ ) | 465 |
| Specific heat( J K⁻¹ kg⁻¹ ) | 322@25°C |
| Thermal conductivity( W m⁻¹ K⁻¹ ) | 60.2@0-100°C |
| Coefficient of thermal expansion( x10⁻⁶ K⁻¹ ) | 5.75@0-100°C |
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