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Formula: Al₂O₃ /Cr₂O₃ /Si₂O₃
Form: Ball/Sphere
Material: Ruby
CAS Number: 1344-28-1
Commodity: Ceramics
Type: Precision Sphere
Sphericity: 0.625µm
Ruby Balls are precision-engineered spheres made from synthetic aluminum oxide doped with chromium (Al₂O₃:Cr), combining exceptional hardness, optical clarity, and high wear resistance. Their mechanical durability, coupled with stable optical properties, makes them valuable in aerospace, biomedical instrumentation, and high-vacuum engineering. They are widely used in precision bearing assemblies, metrology probes, and optical alignment devices where dimensional stability under thermal and mechanical stress is critical. Technologies such as laser-based positioning systems, high-precision measuring heads, and advanced sensor arrays leverage ruby balls for consistent performance in harsh environments. In research, ruby balls serve as stable, inert components in experimental setups requiring both mechanical robustness and optical feedback. Their unique blend of physical resilience and optical precision ensures enduring value across industrial and scientific applications.
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Tolerances

Ball/Sphere
Diameter Standard ±5%
Diameter Precision See Item

Material Properties for Ceramics

Chemical Resistance
Element Value
Acids - concentrated Good
Acids - dilute Good
Alkalis Good
Halogens Good
Metals Good
Electrical Properties
Element Value
Dielectric constant 7.5-11.5
Dielectric strength( kV mm⁻¹ ) 15-50
Volume resistivity( Ohmcm ) 10¹⁴@25
Physical Properties
Element Value
Useful optical transmission range 150-5500nm
Apparent porosity( % ) 0
Water absorption - saturation( % ) 0
Density( gcm⁻³ ) 3.98
Thermal Properties
Element Value
Melting point( C ) 2050
Upper continuous use temperature( C ) 1800-1950
Specific heat( J K⁻¹ kg⁻¹ ) 750@25°C
Thermal conductivity( W m⁻¹ K⁻¹ ) 35-40@20°C
Coefficient of thermal expansion( x10⁻⁶ K⁻¹ ) 5.8@20-1000°C
Mechanical Properties
Element Value
Tensile modulus( GPa ) 350-390
Hardness - Knoop( kgf mm⁻² ) 2000
Hardness - Vickers( kgf mm⁻² ) 2500-3000
Tensile strength( MPa ) 250-400
Pultrusions
Element Value
Compressive strength( MPa ) 2100

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