Ytterbium

Ytterbium

Ytterbium (Yb) is a soft, silvery rare earth element that belongs to the lanthanide series. With a melting point of 824 °C, it is relatively stable in air but reacts slowly with oxygen and water. Ytterbium is typically extracted from monazite and xenotime ores through solvent extraction and ion exchange processes.

Goodfellow's high-purity Ytterbium materials are designed to meet the exacting requirements of advanced research and industrial applications. Available in forms such as foil, powder, rod, and wire, ytterbium is valued for its unique magnetic properties and strong luminescence. This rare earth metal exhibits paramagnetic behavior above 1.0 kelvin and has a notably low melting point compared to other lanthanides. Ytterbium finds critical applications in laser technology, fiber optic communications, and the oil and gas industry. It plays a vital role in the production of high-performance fiber lasers for industrial cutting and welding, and as a component in specialty glasses for optical fibers. In the petroleum sector, ytterbium oxide serves as a catalyst in alkylation and cracking processes, enhancing product quality and yield. Goodfellow's ytterbium products support cutting-edge research in areas such as quantum computing and high-precision atomic clocks. Their distinctive properties make them indispensable for scientists and engineers advancing materials science, particularly in applications requiring specialized optical characteristics and catalytic capabilities.



General Properties

PropertyValue
Atomic Number70
Density6.90 g/cm³
Melting Point824 °C
Boiling Point1196 °C
Thermal Conductivity38.5 W/m·K
Electrical Resistivity37.9 nΩ·m
Crystal StructureFace-Centered Cubic (FCC)

Mechanical Properties

PropertyValue
Tensile Strength138 MPa (approximate)
Yield StrengthUnknown / Not well defined
Young’s Modulus24.8 GPa
HardnessBrinell ~270 (approximate)
Elongation at Break~30%
Poisson’s Ratio0.21

Chemical Properties

PropertyValue
Corrosion ResistanceModerate in air; forms oxide layer
ReactivityReacts slowly with water and oxygen
Oxidation States+2, +3
Surface OxideForms Yb₂O₃ in air
IdentifierValue
SymbolYb
Atomic Number70
CAS Number7440-64-4
UN NumberUN3089 (powder)
EINECS Number231-173-2
IsotopeTypeNotes
Yb-168StableNatural abundance: ~0.13%
Yb-170StableNatural abundance: ~3.05%
Yb-171StableNatural abundance: ~14.3%
Yb-172StableNatural abundance: ~21.9%
Yb-173StableNatural abundance: ~16.1%
Yb-174StableNatural abundance: ~31.8%
Yb-176StableNatural abundance: ~12.7%

Scientific Applications

Use CaseDescription
Quantum OpticsUsed in quantum computing and precision timekeeping (optical lattice clocks)
Laser MaterialsDoped in solid-state lasers and amplifiers for near-infrared emission
Biomedical ImagingInvestigated for use in radiographic contrast agents and imaging techniques
SpectroscopyUtilized in luminescent materials and optical sensor research
Nuclear PhysicsCertain isotopes used in nuclear research and target materials

Industrial Applications

Use CaseDescription
Stainless Steel AdditiveImproves grain refinement, strength, and other mechanical properties
ElectronicsUsed in semiconductors and phosphor formulations for LEDs
Magnetic RefrigerationInvestigated in advanced cooling systems using magnetocaloric effects
Chemical ReactantsServes as a reducing agent in organic synthesis and catalysts
Laser WeldingUsed in high-performance laser welding technologies
PurityApplicationsNotes
99% (2N)Used in alloying, chemical research, and electronics where ultra-high purity is not essentialStandard grade suitable for general-purpose scientific and industrial use
99.9% (3N)Ideal for optical devices, spectroscopy, and quantum applicationsPreferred grade for advanced R&D and high-precision technology sectors
Synonym
Yb
Yb metal
Yb element
Ytterbium metal
Ytterbium element
Ytterbium rare earth metal
Ytterbium rare earth element
Element 70