Lanthanum

Lanthanum

Lanthanum (La) is a soft, ductile, silvery-white rare earth element and the first of the lanthanides in the periodic table. It has a melting point of 920 °C and is highly reactive, especially with air and water, forming oxides and hydroxides rapidly. Lanthanum is primarily extracted from monazite and bastnäsite ores using solvent extraction and ion exchange methods.

Goodfellow's pure Lanthanum products cater to the precise needs of advanced research and industrial applications. Available in forms such as foil, powder, rod, and sputtering target, lanthanum is distinguished by its high reactivity and unique optical characteristics. This rare earth metal displays strong paramagnetic behavior and has one of the largest atomic radii among the lanthanides, contributing to its versatility. Lanthanum is widely used in the petroleum sector, specialty glass manufacturing, and energy storage technologies. It is crucial in fluid catalytic cracking units for refining oil, enhancing the refractive index of optical glasses for camera lenses and fiber optics, and improving the efficiency of hydrogen storage systems. Goodfellow's lanthanum products are instrumental in driving innovation, supporting pioneering research in high-performance magnets and next-generation battery technologies. Their unique combination of properties makes them essential for researchers and engineers pushing the boundaries of materials science, particularly in applications requiring specialized optical properties and catalytic performance.



General Properties

PropertyValue
Atomic Number57
Density6.145 g/cm³
Melting Point920 °C
Boiling Point3464 °C
Thermal Conductivity13.4 W/m·K
Electrical Resistivity61 nΩ·m
Crystal StructureHexagonal (at room temperature)

Mechanical Properties

PropertyValue
Tensile Strength~210 MPa
Yield StrengthUnknown / Not well defined
Young’s Modulus36 GPa
HardnessBrinell ~363
Elongation at Break~25%
Poisson’s Ratio0.28

Chemical Properties

PropertyValue
Corrosion ResistanceLow; oxidizes quickly in air
ReactivityReacts with oxygen and water; forms oxide and hydroxide layers
Oxidation States+3
Surface OxideForms La₂O₃ in air
IdentifierValue
SymbolLa
Atomic Number57
CAS Number7439-91-0
UN NumberUN3089 (powder)
EINECS Number231-099-0
IsotopeTypeNotes
La-138RadioactiveNatural abundance: ~0.09%
La-139StableNatural abundance: ~99.91%

Scientific Applications

Use CaseDescription
Optical GlassUsed in specialized glass with high refractive indices
Hydrogen StorageUtilized in La-Ni-H battery and hydride systems
Ceramic CapacitorsLa-based ceramics improve dielectric properties
PhosphorsComponent in rare-earth phosphors for displays and lamps
Spectroscopy StandardsUsed as a standard for calibration in analytical techniques

Industrial Applications

Use CaseDescription
Petroleum Cracking CatalystsImproves efficiency of fluid catalytic cracking units
Alloying AgentUsed to refine steel and enhance malleability
Battery ElectrodesIntegral part of nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) batteries
Glass ManufacturingImproves durability and clarity of specialty glasses
LightingUsed in carbon arc lamps for studio and cinema lighting
PurityApplicationsNotes
93% (1N3)Suitable for alloy production and general-purpose catalyst formulationsCost-effective grade for bulk industrial use where high purity is not essential
99% (2N)Used in battery materials, steel refining, and glass enhancementCommercially pure grade for semi-technical and chemical processes
99.9% (3N)Preferred in optical materials, phosphor compounds, and hydrogen storage alloysHigh-purity grade for research and precision-engineered materials
Synonym
La
La metal
La element
Lanthanum metal
Lanthanum element
Lanthanum rare earth metal
Lanthanum rare earth element
Element 57