Beryllium

Beryllium

Beryllium (Be) is a lightweight, brittle alkaline earth metal known for its exceptional stiffness, high melting point, and transparency to X-rays. Though toxic in powdered form, beryllium’s unique physical and chemical properties make it vital in aerospace, nuclear, and electronic applications. It does not occur in its elemental state naturally, but is typically extracted from minerals such as beryl and bertrandite.

Goodfellow supplies high-purity beryllium products for scientific and industrial use. Its low density and high strength-to-weight ratio make it ideal for aerospace components such as satellite structures and aircraft brakes. In nuclear science, beryllium is valued as a neutron moderator and reflector. Electronics manufacturers use beryllium for thermal management, precision instruments, and X-ray windows. Thanks to its rigidity, it also finds application in high-performance audio equipment and optical systems. Goodfellow's beryllium range comes in foil form and enables breakthroughs in demanding fields where lightweight strength and thermal stability are paramount.



General Properties

PropertyValue
Atomic Number4
Density1.85 g/cm³
Melting Point1287 °C
Boiling Point2469 °C
Thermal Conductivity200 W/m·K
Electrical Resistivity36 nΩ·m
Crystal StructureHexagonal Close-Packed (HCP)

Mechanical Properties

PropertyValue
HardnessMohs 5.5
Elastic Modulus287 GPa
Poisson’s Ratio0.032

Chemical Properties

PropertyValue
Corrosion ResistanceForms a protective oxide layer
ReactivityReacts slowly with air and acids
Oxidation States+2
Surface OxideBeryllium oxide (BeO)
IdentifierValue
SymbolBe
Atomic Number4
CAS Number7440-41-7
UN NumberUN1567 (powder)
EINECS Number231-150-7
IsotopeTypeNotes
Be-9Stable100% natural abundance

Scientific Applications

Use CaseDescription
Nuclear ReactorsUsed as a neutron moderator and reflector
X-ray EquipmentBe windows allow X-rays to pass with minimal absorption
Particle PhysicsUsed in beamline windows and targets
Space TelescopesOptical mirrors due to thermal stability
Scientific InstrumentationStructural components in cryogenic and vacuum systems

Industrial Applications

Use CaseDescription
AerospaceUsed in satellites, aircraft brakes, and gyroscopes
DefenseLightweight structural parts for advanced weaponry
ElectronicsHeat sinks, connectors, and springs
Audio EquipmentHigh-performance speaker diaphragms
ToolingPrecision molds and dies for plastics and metalworking
PurityMain Use
Be 99%General industrial use, alloying
Be 99.5%Scientific apparatus, aerospace parts
Be 99.7%High-performance electronics
Be 99.8%X-ray windows, nuclear applications
Be 99.9%Research-grade optics and instrumentation
Synonym
Be
Elemental Beryllium
Béryllium