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Formula: Pb
Form: Foil (Light Tight)
Material: Lead
CAS Number: 7439-92-1
Commodity: Metals
Light Tight: Light Tight
Lead Foil (Light Tight) is a dense, soft, and highly conformable shielding material specifically designed to block all visible and ionizing radiation. Its total opacity to light and high attenuation coefficient for X-rays and gamma rays make it indispensable in environments requiring both optical and radiological isolation. This foil is used extensively in vacuum systems, beamline enclosures, medical imaging suites, and optical instruments where ambient light or stray radiation must be eliminated. It enables high-precision optical alignment, protects sensitive detectors, and is often integrated into gloveboxes, radiological shielding curtains, and custom-shaped barriers. The light-tight variant ensures no transmission through pinholes or microcracks, a critical requirement in cleanrooms and quantum optics experiments. Research facilities and synchrotrons rely on it to ensure personnel safety and signal fidelity in complex beamline geometries. Its unmatched shielding efficiency, combined with formability and chemical resistance, makes it a staple in advanced photonic and nuclear engineering systems.

Serious health hazard

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Material Properties for Metals

Atomic Properties
Element Value
Atomic number 82
Crystal structure Face centred cubic
Electronic structure Xe 4f¹⁴ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 6p²
Valences shown 2, 4
Atomic weight( amu ) 207.2
Thermal neutron absorption cross-section( Barns ) 0.18
Photo-electric work function( eV ) 4
Natural isotope distribution( Mass No./% ) 207/ 22.1
Natural isotope distribution( Mass No./% ) 208/ 52.4
Natural isotope distribution( Mass No./% ) 206/ 24.1
Natural isotope distribution( Mass No./% ) 204/ 1.4
Atomic radius - Goldschmidt( nm ) 0.175
Ionisation potential( No./eV ) 5/ 68.8
Ionisation potential( No./eV ) 3/ 31.9
Ionisation potential( No./eV ) 4/ 42.3
Ionisation potential( No./eV ) 2/ 15.03
Ionisation potential( No./eV ) 1/ 7.42
Mechanical Properties
Element Value
Hardness - Mohs 1.5
Material condition Polycrystalline
Material condition Sand cast
Poisson's ratio 0.44
Poisson's ratio 0.44
Bulk modulus( GPa ) 45.8
Bulk modulus( GPa ) 45.8
Tensile modulus( GPa ) 16.1
Tensile modulus( GPa ) 16.1
Tensile strength( MPa ) 12
Yield strength( MPa ) 5.5
Electrical Properties
Element Value
Electrical resistivity( µOhmcm ) 20.6@20@20°C
Superconductivity critical temperature( K ) 7.196
Temperature coefficient( K⁻¹ ) 0.0042@0-100°C
Thermal emf against Pt (cold 0C - hot 100C)( mV ) 0.44
Physical Properties
Element Value
Boiling point( C ) 1740
Density( gcm⁻³ ) 11.35@20
Thermal Properties
Element Value
Melting point( C ) 327.5
Latent heat of evaporation( J g⁻¹ ) 862
Latent heat of fusion( J g⁻¹ ) 23.2
Specific heat( J K⁻¹ kg⁻¹ ) 159@25°C
Thermal conductivity( W m⁻¹ K⁻¹ ) 35.3@0-100°C
Coefficient of thermal expansion( x10⁻⁶ K⁻¹ ) 29@0-100°C

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