Alloys are mixtures of a metal with other elements, the precise combination being governed by the required properties. Alloys are generally considered to be metallic in nature i.e. they have good thermal and electrical conductivities).

Alloys can be manufactured by various routes, the most widely used being to melt the constituents together and to cool the resultant mixture to form a single or multi-phase solid.

Matériau de haute pureté utilisé comme source de pulvérisation, procédé de vaporisation à froid où les atomes sont décollés physiquement de la surface de la cible par bombardement d'ions.

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